Fiber, fabric, and article containing organic derivatives of cellulose



lit

Patented Mar. 31, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE IUALMILLE DREYIEU'S, OF NEW YORK,

AND HERBERT PLATT, 0F CUMBERLAND,

MARYLAND, ASSIGNORS TO CELAN ESE CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE FIBER, FABRIC, AND ARTICLE CONTAINING ORGANIC DERIVATIVES OF GELLULOSE Zlt'o Drawing. Original application filed September 22, 1925, Serial application filed February 28, 1927. Serial No.

This invention relates to new and improved products obtained by weighting yarns, fabrics, textiles, etc., made from or containing organic derivatives of cellulose. This application is a division of U. S. application Serial No. 57,956, filed on September 22nd, 1925.

ft is well known that certain woven fabrics made from or containing organic derivatives of cellulose such as cellulose acetate have, (in common with similar fabrics made from other materials), a tendency to shift or slip. Similarly, knitted fabrics, especially circular knit fabrics, made from organic derivatives of cellulose have a tendency to ladder or run. These properties are no doubt due to the smooth surface of the threads constituting the fabric. It is also known that if fabrics made from or containing organic derivatives of cellulose are ironed with a very hot iron, the latter will cause the fabric to melt.

The applicants have now discovered that these objectionable properties of such fabrics, textiles, etc., can be overcome. This they have accomplished by weighting the fabric or textile made from an organic derivative of cellulose with proper weighting agents and under proper conditions. Thus improved properties in a cellulose acetate fabric, for example, can be obtained by treating such a fabric with any suitable weighting agent for such a material, under conditions hereinafter described.

An object of this invention is to provide woven fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose whose tendency to shift or slip is materially lessened or entirely removed. Another object of this invention is to obtain knitted fabrics made of or containing organic derivatives of cellulose which will he completely ladder proof, or one whose capacity to ladder is very greatly lowered. Etill another object of this invention is to provide fabrics or articles made of or containing organic derivatives of cellulose Whose resistance to heat is appreciably enhanced, which fabrics can, therefore, be ironed at comparatively high temperatures without ed with 7 No. 5?,956. Divided and this melting or otherwise affecting the fabric or article.

The applicants have discovered that the improved fabrics, etc., can be obtained by weighting the same with tannic acid, stannic chloride or any other metallic salt or other agent suitable as a weighting agent. These weighting agents can be applied to the fabric or other material either alone or with the aid of an extraneous swelling agent or agents.

The following examples indicate some of the methods of obtaining the improved products Emample 1 E wample 11 One 1) part of cellulose acetate artificial silk is treated With thirty (30) parts of stannic chloride solution of 40 Tw., at a temperature between and (1, during onehalf hour. Then rinse off in water and treat with sodium silicate 7 TW. and wash with or without soap solution. The result will be a substantial increase in volume of the fibers, fabrics and articles.

Example [11 One 1) part of cellulose acetate artificial silk is treated with thirty (30) parts of 40 Tw. solution of stannic chloride, during one half A,) hour, at a temperature between 55 and 65 (1, then rinsed off in Water and treat- TW. sodium silicate solution, and Washed with or Without soap solution. The increase in weight and volume is larger in this case than under Example II.

weight and The above examples are merely illustrative and are not to be considered as limiting the presentinvention to the specific materials, temperatures, concentrations of solutions etc., set out in the examples, since other materials may also be used for weighting the artificial silk The products obtained by the above treatments were found to be much improved over the original untreated material. The fabrics had a fuller handle and also possessed improved dyeing qualities. K

Other valued and unexpected improvements in the fabrics were also noted. Not only had the weight of the fabrics increased, but the volume of the yarns and fibers comrising the fabric had become materially arger. Thus it was found that a woven fabric which, before being'weighted, had a tendency to shift or slip, after being weighted improved considerably in this respect. The tendency to shaft or slip had completely or almost completely disappeared, the extent depending upon the amount of weighting im parted to the fabric. The tendency of the fabric to shift or slip is lessened as the percentage of weighting absorbed by the ,fabric is increased.

A similar improvement was noted when knitted fabrics were treated as above. Fabrics which ordinarily have a pronounced tendency or capacity to ladder or run after being weighted had this tendency almost completely removed. This, too, can probably be attributed to the enlargement of the individual fibers or threads constituting the fabric,

the enlargement of these threads or fibers causing the contiguous fibers to bind against one another more tightly. 1

Fabrics weighted in accordance with this process were found to have another valuable propertyan increased resistance to heat. It is known that fabrics made from cellulose acetate or other organic derivatives of cellulose will melt when ironed with a very hot iron. Such fabrics, however, if weighted are noticeably improved in this respect, as they can be ironed with as hot an iron as canbe used safely on an other type of fabric without showing any bad effects as a-result.

Thus it will be seen that the products obtained as a result of the applicants process are not only new but possess valuable properties. These improved properties increase the field of usefulness of materials made from cellulose acetate or other organic derivatives of cellulose, particularly in the textile field. Fabrics, garments,etc., made of or containing cellulose acetate, for example, can now be ironed without necessitating the takin of unusual and troublesome precautions. lso the wearing qualities of the weightedfabrics etc., are superior to fabrics.

This invention includes within its scope those of similar unweighted are within the scope of this invention. The

term organic derivative of cellulose as used in the description and claims is to be construed as including organic esters of cellulose such as cellulose formate, cellulose acetate, cellulose butyrate etc., and cellulose ethers such as ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, etc. The

term shifting in the appended claims is used in its broadest aspect. It is, therefore,

to be constructed as 1ncludingladdering as well as slipping and shifting.

Having described our invention what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A textile material consisting of an organic derivative of cellulose which contains a substance which acts as a weighting and swelling agent, said material having an increased resistance to heat.

2. A textile material comprising an organic derivative of cellulose which contains .a substance which acts as a weighting and swelling agent, said material having an increased resistance to heat and its tendency to shift reduced.

3. A textile material comprising an organic derivative of cellulose which contains a compound of a metal in insoluble form in such amount that its resistance to'heat is increased, the metal compound introduced acting both as swelling agent and weighting agent.

4. A textile material comprising an organic derivative of cellulose which contains a compound of a metal in insoluble form in such an amount that its resistance to heat is increased and its tendency to shift is reduced, the metal compound introduced acting both as swelling agent and weighting agent.

5. A textile material consisting of cellulose acetate which contains a substance which acts as a weighting and swelling agent, said pliaterial having an increased resistance to eat.

6. A textile material comprising cellulose acetate which contains a substance which acts as a weighting and swelling agent, said material having an increased resistance to heat and its tendency to shift reduced.

7. A fabric comprising an organic ester of cellulose which contains an insoluble form of tin in such amount that its resistance to heat is increased, the tin compound being the only weighting ingredient present.

8. A fabric comprising an organic ester of cellulose which contains an insoluble compound of tin in such amount that its resist ance to heat is increased, and its tendency to .shift overcome, the tin compound being the only Weighting; ingredient present.

9. A fabric comprising cellulose acetate Which contains an insoluble form of tin in such amount that its resistance to heat is increased, the tin compound being the only Weighting ingredient present.

10. A fabric comprising cellulose acetate Which contains stannic oxide in such an amount that the resistance of the fabric to heat is increased, the stannic oxide being the sole Weighting material present.

11. A fabric comprising cellulose acetate which contains stannic oxide in such an amount that the resistance of the fabric to heat is increased, and its tendency to shift overcome, the stannic oxide being the sole Weighting material present.

ln testimony whereof, they have hereunto subscribed their names.

GAMHJLE DREYFUS. HERBERT PLATT. 

